What is a Backup?
In technical jargon, a backup can be described as a copy. Backup refers to making copies of data to be used to restore the original after a data loss event. Backups are useful in restoring a computer to an operational state following a disaster. They are also used to restore small numbers of files after they have been accidentally deleted or corrupted. Backups are the last line of defence against data loss.
Organising backup storage space and managing the backup process is a complicated process. A data repository is often used to provide the backup storage space. Data files are selected, extracted, and manipulated before being backed up. Many different techniques have been developed to optimise the backup procedure. These include techniques for dealing with open files and live data sources including compression, encryption, and de-duplication.
Backup Strategy
In order to back up data successfully, one must always follow a specific plan. This backup plan has to be devised in conjunction with the systems administrator.
Deciding What Files to Backup: The first step involves determining the importance and relevance of files to be backed up. Not all files are backed up. Critical files containing important and sensitive information are backed up. Usually, data is encrypted before the backup process. Bank records, financial information, medical records, loan documents and employee information files are subject to backup. Backup also depends on size and time the data file is created.
Small files are convenient to back up. They take less time and less space. This means the entire data file can be backed up on one backup storage device.
Methods of Backup: The second step involves the method to be employed to back up the data. There are different ways. One must choose a method in accordance with data specifications and needs.
- Full Hard Disk Backup: The method involves the backup of the security of entire hard disk. The method needs a backup device, which is large enough to store a full backup.
- Disk Image Backup: This method involves backup of the whole hard disk image on to another backup device. This is often to another server on a network, disk drive or to DVDs.
This type of backup allows a short restoration time in the event of a hard disk failure.
The restoration is fast allowing the user to initiate the backup process from the network server. - Windows Registry Backup: The windows registry is a special system of files used by the Windows operating systems. Thus the windows registry backup involves a backup of all registry-specific information saved on the hardware and the installed software.
- Database Backup: This method is to back up database files. In order to create a successful backup, it is essential to use software that is able to record and back up open database files.
- System Backup: System backup method is when you back up the windows registry, your settings and all your installed programs. The method involves the exclusion of the documents you have worked with.
- Working File Backups: Working files can be described as data files which are open and on which work is currently being done by the user. These working files can be backed up via the server.
Importance of Backup
- Online Data Storage: Online data storage is fully automated which makes life easier saving money and time. All files are easier to restore and can be saved in different time versions in accordance with your schedule. This allows you to access old and new data rather than the original saved version of data. Online backups provide users up to 5GB storage space.
- USB Data Backup: The most popular form of USB backup used today is USB pen drives. These are also referred to as USB keys or flash drives as they use static flash memory. They have a relatively small memory capacity suitable for transporting data than storing it. Flash drives are usually used for personal data backup rather than business information storage. Other types of USB backup devices include DVD burners or removable hard disk drives.
Advantages of Backup
- Data safety and security through data encryption and password protection facilities
- Data flexibility allowing for easy data accessibility
- Enhanced risk management strategies